Spearfishing Rules in Malta
Every spearfisherman must abide by local fishing and spearfishing regulations, as well as spearfishing ethics. Ignorance of these rules may be punishable by fines, but the most important thing is that general compliance with these rules helps the balance of fish reproduction, not perfect, but better than nothing.
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Fishing with a speargun is prohibited in the following areas:

Conservation areas
"All other vessels are to remain clear of the Conservation areas, in the interest of safety, and maintain safe distance and navigate at safe speed at all times. Furthermore, spear fishing and the use of fishing gear such as set bottom lines, trammel nets, gill nets and entangling nets, encircling nets, demersal pots, and traps are prohibited within the Conservation Areas."
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Zones reserved for swimmers
No vessels or objects which may endanger the safety of bathers, including any type of fishing gear/implements, shall be used within a swimmers’ zone.
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Restricted Areas
To always ensure safety, no vessel, craft, or other object, whether mechanically driven or not, is to enter these designated restricted areas. Furthermore, the use of fishing gear/implements is not allowed in these areas.
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Archaeological zones at sea
Furthermore, divers/mariners are to note that spear fishing and the use of fishing gear such as set bottom lines, trammel nets, gill nets and entangling nets, encircling nets, demersal pots and traps are prohibited in these areas. Only surface fishing is allowed including trolling lines (rixa).
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Restricted areas
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Documents governing spearfishing regulations
There are no specific regulations governing spearfishing in Malta. Therefore, spearfishers should pay attention to the related areas of scuba diving and fishing, as well as the regulations governing fishing from a fishing boat.
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Spearfishing with SCUBA is prohibited
"Spear-guns shall be prohibited if used in conjunction with underwater breathing apparatus (aqualung) or at night from sunset to dawn."
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Spearfishing is prohibited during nighttime hours
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Spearfishing license is not required in Malta

There are no regulations in Malta regarding the need to obtain a license for spearfishing. However, this does not mean that you cannot be fined for non-compliance.